
Air Conditioning/Climate Control
Air Suspension:
Normal Operation
Air Springs
Bump
Stops
Compressor
Vibration
Disabling
Fixing
in the Field
Height
Sensors
Manual
Operation
Manual
Extended Profile Selection
Rear Axle
Links
Bushings
More Info
Anti-lock Braking System (ABS)
Battery Death and Replacement
Battery Drain, Mysterious or Unexplained
Body ECM (BeCM)
Cooling System
Climate Control
Cubby Box Shock
Differential Failure
Door Locks
Drivetrain Clonks
Electrical Gremlins
Photo: Ruined Windmill, Twin Buttes Well, Nevada,
40 miles from town
Fluid Leaks
("Maybe I Can Top Up the Cooling System Here....")
Fuse Box Corrosion
Gas Filler Cap Switch
Gearshift Stiff
Head Gaskets Leaking
Heated Seat Failure
Heater Core O-Ring Leaks
Idle Air Control Valve
Ignition Lead
Failure
Inlet Manifold
Gasket
Key/Remote Problems
Misfiring Problems
Muffler Heat Shield Rattles
Odometer/Message Center Display
Poly V Belt Idler Pulley
Power Upgrade
Radio
Malfunction/Display
Backlight Dim
Recalls
Seat Belt Buzzer, Annoying
Sensor Failures:
Height
Sensors, Oil Pressure,
ABS
Wheel Speed, Bonnet Open
Crank
Position Sensor
Starting Problems
Steering Judder
Subwoofer Thump
Tachometer Failure
Transfer Case ECU
Transmission Service
Transmission Shifting
Stiff
Valves Sticking
Vibration from Engine
Vibration in Torque Converter
Vibration from Front Driveline
Vibration from Rear Driveline
Water in the Footwell
Windshield Leaks
Windshield Washers
Extended Warranties
Parts Sources
Other Information Sources
Like its predecessor, the new Range Rover has its share of
mechanical
and electrical peculiarities. Here we attempt to address some of the
idiosyncratic
problems commonly encountered, based on the personal experiences of the
author as well as information gleaned from mechanics and other owners.
It is hoped that passing on these experiences may make it easier for
future
enthusiasts to deal with them without going through the same learning
curve
as I had to! More complex repair operations are
covered
in the Repair Operations How-To
section. Tricky maintenance operations are covered in the Maintenance Operations section, and
all manner of Range Rover upgrades from power boosts to installation of
tie-downs in the loadspace are covered in the Mechanical and Electrical Upgrades
section.
Manuals, Instruments and Tools
Shop Manual: To diagnose and cure problems on the 4.0/4.6 it is almost essential to spend the $ needed to obtain the official shop manual, which can now be obtained at a steep discount at Amazon.com. More information on this and other Range Rover technical books and manuals can be found on our Books and Manuals Page.
Electronic Troubleshooting Manual: It is also advisable to get this manual, known as the "ETM". It is fairly essential since the shop manual (above) contains no electrical circuits. Even the massive ETM is not comprehensive as it uses a "black box" approach to many circuits, especially those contained in the many computers (ECUs) scattered throughout the vehicle. There are separate ECUs for the engine, transmission, ABS/traction control, air suspension, body, airbag system, heating and air conditioning, cruise control, etc etc etc. Most circuits are connected in some way to the body computer -- the BeCM. Fortunately the ECUs seldom fail, except for the BeCM.
The Parts Manual -- less expensive at about $40 -- is also a good buy, especially for its pictures of the way things are put together.
Computer Code Access/Testbook Equivalents: For full details on this, see the Computer Code Scan Tools Page. Briefly, to access the fault codes and other information for such systems as the air suspension, cruise control, transmission, ABS/traction control, and other non-engine systems the $30,000 dealer TestBook is now available to non-dealer buyers as a standard Land Rover part. The Land-Rover approved system is also available through Omnitec Interro as their "T4" diagnostic system. Also available from them is a stand-alone hand held T4 tester covering 99-on models. However, cheaper substitutes have become available in the $5,000-10,000 ballpark such as the Autologic Diagnosis System and the Rovacom system, both from the UK. In the US, Atlantic British sells the Autologic system -- see their website. A "Lite" version of the Rovacom is now available which covers your specific model for about $1,000-2,000. More information on the Rovacom and Autologic systems is available on our Range Rover 4.0/4.6 Parts Sources page.
OBD-II Scanner: The Range Rover 4.0/4.6 complies with the OBD-III standard and ISO-9141. OBD-II scanners are now becoming available for about $250 or less and plug into the 16 pin connector under the passenger side dash. Although it will not tell you everything the dealer's $30,000 "Testbook" does, it can give you a lot of information about the engine and transmission fault codes specified by the OBD-II standard -- for example it will tell you why that pesky "Check Engine" light has come on. The lowest cost system I have seen is a $122 OBDII Automotive Scan Tool Browser for your notebook computer is available from Alex C. Peper, 67 Scotch Pine Dr., Islandia, NY 11772, complete with OBD-II connector and cable. Actron makes a more convenient hand-held scanner that works on all American and Import OBD-II vehicles and is sold through JCWhitney.com for $159.99. They also sell low cost scanners from Auto X-ray and Equus. Danny Ledford reports that TRW has a scan tool called the Laser 2000 that is very affordable. He says it does engine management, ABS, and electronic air, and works on new OBD-II and older serial ports. The Lowest Price I have seen for a full function hand-held OBD-II scanner for the 4.0/4.6 is $129 for the Equus 3100 at partsamerica.com. This scanner works on all US and foreign vehicles.
For more information on OBD-II scanners see the Range Rover 4.0/4.6 parts sources page.
Tools: The new Range Rover, like the Classic, is a hodge-podge of metric and SAE fasteners, so you still have to carry both types of wrenches. Since the whole vehicle is dominated by electrics, a multimeter is essential to trying to do your own diagnostics.
Air Conditioning/Climate
Control
Ambient Temperature Sensor Faults: The sensor that purports to tell the driver and the climate control ECU what the outside temperature is, can often be erratic.
Appearance of Book Symbol on LCD Display: The climate
control display shows a book symbol when certain faults occur,
including a lack of Freon in the system, failed inside or outside air
temperature sensors, and failed blend motors. Not all of these
conditions cause the BeCM to register a fault condition (eg if the
system is discharged there is no electrical problem and the BeCM will
not register it).
3-Way Pressure Switch Failure: Although the climate control system on the 4.0 is a very considerable improvement over the Classic air conditioning setup, it is not immune from failure. Mine exhibited a mysterious problem that only exhibited itself during very hot weather, making it difficult for the dealer to diagnose. When the air conditioning failed during a summer off-pavement expedition in the Nevada desert, I found a shady spot and used a multimeter and the Electrical Troubleshooting Manual (ETM) to trace the fault. It was clear that the compressor clutch was not engaging, so it was relatively straightforward to narrow down the cause of the absence of voltage here. the ECU tells the compressor to switch on or off based on various sensor inputs, so the logical first step was to see if the system's "brain" was working as designed.
One good feature of the ETM is its location information and
photographs
for every component and connector, making it easy to find the parts of
interest. Removing the plastic cover from the kick panel on the
passenger
side gave access to the appropriate connector, and voltage measurements
showed that the A/C ECU was indeed telling the compressor clutch to
switch
on. However the signal then had to get through a 3-way pressure
switch,
designed to turn off the compressor in the case of too much or too
little
pressure in the system. Clearly, the signal was not making it past this
switch. Jiggling the switch connector had no effect, so there was
nothing
for it but to suffer through the heat for the rest of the trip! Back at
the dealer (and moderate San Francisco Bay Area temperatures), nothing
could be found wrong with the A/C system, but I requested replacement
of
the 3-way pressure switch anyway. Sure enough, this cured the problem
for
subsequent high temperature desert expeditions.
Blend Motor Failure: This
problem illuminates the book symbol on the LCD display as soon as you
turn on the ignition. Andy Cunningham has heard that turning the
ignition on and off rapidly can sometimes clear this problem. If not,
see the HEVAC Blend Motor
Diagnosis and Replacement Page.
Compressor Clutch Failure:
Another
common A/C problem is insufficient voltage to the magnetic compressor
clutch; as the disk and pulley gap increases with wear the
available
magnetic flux has to bridge a larger gap. There is an official Land
Rover
fix for this in the shape of an additional wiring harness which
dedicates
a new circuit, with its own relay (relay #10 in the engine fusebox), to
the magnetic clutch. A quick fix
short of this official repair was devised by Andrew
Parker. He found you can remove the shim washer from behind the
disk
and flexure plate (see picture at right by Ron
Beckett) to reduce the gap. The shim washer fits to the centre boss
of the plate. I have heard from several people who have had good
success
with this technique.
Information Display Failure: The LCD display can appear to fail, causing fear in the owner's heart that the whole HEVAC system has gone bye-bye. Usually, this is not the case -- the LCD panel is lit from behind by a simple incandescent bulb that probably needs replacing. For illustrated details of this operation, see the LCD Backlight Repair page.
Fluid in the Footwell: If you experience water leaking into the footwell on the passenger side (ie the left side on RHD models and right side on LHD models), the cause may be a blocked or damaged drain from the air conditioning evaporator. See the Water in the Footwell section below. If the fluid is in the right hand footwell on either LHD or RHD models, and appears to be not just water but rather coolant, it is probably leaking from the heater core O-rings. See the Heater Core O-Ring Repair Page for shortcuts to curing this problem.
Diagnosis: The Electrical Troubleshooting Manual (ETM) is a must in my view when attempting to diagnose faults in the air conditioning or the rest of the climate control system. However, David Sparkes has a fine article entitled 'New RR - Climate Control Manual Test' at this link.
Air SuspensionThe 4.0/4.6 air suspension is an improved version of that pioneered on late model Classics. Fortunately, the software seems to be much more robust and reluctant to resort to "limp home mode" (ie lowering the vehicle to the bump stops) at the slightest fault than the Classic version was. For full details of diagnosis and repair, see our Air Suspension Symptoms. Diagnosis, Field Retrieval and Repair page. The information below is just a brief summary of the main points.
Normal Operation which Might Seem Faulty:
The air suspension is controlled by an ECU under the drivers seat,
which
operates a solenoid valve block in the engine compartment. The ECU has
a fairly low IQ, and wastes a lot of air by raising and lowering each
corner
constantly trying to level the vehicle. So the system's compressor
turns
on frequently. Another cause of its frequent running is the fact that
the pressure switch is located remotely from the air tank so the
pressure drop in the thin air line makes it think more air is needed.
Another annoying feature that is said to be normal
happens whenever the vehicle is parked on anything but a perfectly flat
surface. The system tries to level itself by lowering all springs to
the
height of the lowest one, then realizes it is still not level so it
lowers
the first spring as well and starts the whole cycle over again until
the
vehicle ends up on the bump stops. This rather unintelligent strategy
is
particularly annoying off pavement, since the ground is nearly always
uneven.
So don't park where there is a big rock or other obstacle under the
vehicle!
If you want to stop in such a spot temporarily, either leave the engine
running, or inhibit the system's unintelligent operation by leaving a
door
or the tailgate open. Pressing the manual inhibit switch on the dash
also helps reduce or ewliminate this behaviour. Finally, whether on or
off road, the ECU often
lets
so much air out of the system overnight that when you come out in the
morning
it can take several minutes for the suspension to raise itself up again
to normal height. This is not supposed to happen but often does, even
though
the suspension checks out normally on the dealer's diagnostic
apparatus.
Air Compressor Vibration: After a while the air suspension compressor can get rather noisy due to the rubber mounts wearing out. A Service Bulletin (TEC600695, July 1995, "Electronic Air Suspension Compressor Noisy") recommends updating the compressor mounts with 2 STC 828 Rubber Mounts and 6 STC 3086 snubbing washers. I had this done on my 4.0 and it did quieten down the compressor. Overtorquing can also lead to noise.
Air Springs: The rubber air springs do wear out faster than the old coil springs. One symptom is the boot popping out of position, especially in cold weather; I had this happen on leaving the car outside in the desert overnight, in access mode, and the suspension took a good 10 minutes to return to normal height on startup in the morning. The rubber boot seems to mate with the top metal part of the spring somewhat like a tire bead, and will usually reseat itself after a while. Michael Azzariti pressure tested an old air spring he replaced on his 95 LWB (see replacement procedure); he pumped 20psi into it and put it into a bucket of water. Air seeped out from the top, between the metal and rubber joint. He tried a higher pressure and it sealed up.
Another problem is plain old cracks and holes developing in the rubber when it gets worn. This happened on one of my rear springs around 60,000 miles. It developed a leak large enough that I could hear the air hissing out when parked in low profile. Since the spring had to be ordered from the UK, I had to drive it around like this for a couple of weeks. I was impressed that the system put up with this situation without shutting down and reverting to the "get you home" mode on the bumpstops.
On another occasion one of my air springs got cut by a twig or other sharp object and burst (a loud gunshot-like sound) while on a 4WD trail, 400 miles from home. In this situation if repair parts are not carried in the vehicle, there is little choice but to drive on the bumpstops home or to the nearest dealer. With luck only the end of the car that has the fault will be on the bumpstops, and the other will stay elevated. In any case, the advice in the owners manual about not exceeeding 35 mph is no doubt put there to protect Land Rover from warranty or liability claims -- on good smooth highways and freeways I have been able to keep up with the traffic flow quite well.
Bump Stops: Make sure your bump stops are present and in good condition; if one is missing and the axle articulates fully, the range of the height sensors could be exceeded, damaging the sensor or generating a fault code.
Disabling the Air Suspension: For many repair operations you don't want the suspension to be adjusting itself up and down while you work on the vehicle. Leaving the tailgate open pretty effectively freezes the suspension, but for an extra measure of safety you can unplug the air suspension delay timer, a small black box that looks like a large relay under the drivers seat.
Fixing Faults in the Field: A hose repair kit is available from Land Rover to fix leaks in the air lines. A spare rubber bladder can now be purchased from Arnott Industries for about $89 (see air suspension field repair page) or aftermarket suppliers like British Pacific, enabling field repair of air springs should they burst. Or, complete spare air springs can be carried (one for the front and one for the rear). If these or other fixable faults develop (as they have on my 4.0) when you are a LONG way from a dealer, you have two choices. If you think you can fix it, do so ASAP before the EAS ECU figures out the problem and goes into the "hard fault" mode (EAS Fault message on the message center, EAS warning light on, and all EAS lights lit up on the height control). Once it does this, even if you fix the cause of the fault you cannot reset the ECU without a Testbook or equivalent on 1995-98 models. (Don't ask me how I know this!). On 1999-2002 models with the Bosch electronics, you MIGHT be able to reset it by disconnecting the battery for a while as the memory in the main engine ECU is volatile, but I am not sure if this applies to the EAS ECU.
If you are in an awkward spot not suitable for repair work and want to delay the computer detecting the fault, crack open a door or tailgate as you drive along, remove the air suspension delay/timer relay from under the left front seat, or remove Fuse 17 from the BeCM fuse box -- any of these actions should freeze up the EAS and put it into a state of suspended animation til you get to a suitable place to do your repairs. If you open the tailgate, also open your windows to prevent asphyxiation.
If the problem is not fixable in the field, accept your fate, and
let
the computer go into fault mode. It will (best case) freeze up the
suspension
or (worst case) lower one or both ends of the vehicle to the bump
stops.
You can then drive merrily home or to the nearest dealer. The advice in
the owners manual about not exceeding 35 mph under these conditions is
doubtlessly put there to protect Land Rover from warranty or liability
claims -- the ride on the bump stops is a bit bumpy but on good smooth
highways and freeways I have been able to keep up with the traffic flow
quite well.
For more information on field diagnosis and fixes, see the Air Suspension Symptoms. Diagnosis, Field Retrieval and Repair page.
Height Sensors: These are simple potentiometers (variable resistors). The front height sensors used on early 4.0/4.6 models can sometimes be knocked out of action by getting water inside them. This generates a suspension fault code indicating that the sensor is out of range or that a valve is stuck. The solution is to replace the sensor with the design used on later models (part number ANR 2494). Bill O'Brien reports that ride height sensors that are giving problems can be removed and cleaned. He suggests prying the back off and cleaning with carbon tet or volume control cleaner from Radio Shack. Reseal the back with GE silicone.
Manual Operation if a Fault Occurs: There are several methods of operating the suspension manually using an external compressor or jumper wires. For details see the Air Suspension Manual Pump-up page.
Manual Selection of Extended Profile: One of the petty annoyances of the air suspension is that the extended profile mode, which raises the vehicle another 1.2 inches above High Profile, cannot be selected under driver control; it can only be selected automatically by the suspension ECU when it senses the vehicle is grounded. It can also be selected by the dealer's "Testbook" to make working under the vehicle more convenient. To overcome my frustration about this, and not having a Testbook", I devised a way of raising the suspension to any desired extent manually at the flick of a switch. This method is detailed in the section on Upgrade Operations How-To.
Rear Axle Links: The aluminum eyes on the chassis end of the rear axle trailing links were prone to possible failure. A recall campaign replaced the trailing links with new components.
Bushings: Range Rovers have very large suspension travel, and (especially if you use your Rover off road) all this movement eventually wears out the rubber bushings used in the suspension mounts. So, the bushings should be replaced periodically. Aftermarket manufacturers offer substitute polyurethane bushings which provide longer life and "improved handling"; this is merely a code word for stiffer suspension, translating to reduced traction and a harsher ride off road. I recommend replacing worn bushings with original equipment rubber bushings to restore the Range Rover's authentic ride and traction. Remove the old bushings with a hacksaw and push in the new ones with a large vice or a hydraulic bench press. Replace the fastenings at the same time.
More EAS Information: For more
information
on the Electronic Air Suspension, see the following pages:
Air Suspension
Symptoms,
Diagnosis
and Field Retrieval/Repairs
Range Rover Suspension Details and Mods
Replacement with Coil Springs
EAS Compressor
Replacement
Emergency Bypass of
EAS
Emergency Repair
with Wood Blocks
Extended Profile Selector
Manual Pump-up of
Air Suspension
EAS Valve Block
Problems and Replacement
Replacing an
Air Spring
Repair Details
Mechanical and Electrical Upgrades
The Range Rover 4.0/4.6 is equipped with a state-of-the-art four channel Wabco Automatic Braking System (ABS) specially developed to cope with off road as well as on road conditions. (The first version appeared in the 1990 Classic and has been refined since then). The system is the envy of other brands, but personally I find the its operation less than reassuring in mud or loose gravel -- you cannot lock the wheels until down to one or two miles per hour, and there is no doubt that stopping power is much reduced. The official manual assures us that this tradeoff is worth the extra "control" you get with ABS operation. The sensors on the wheels can be knocked out of alignment, causing the system to malfunction.
The system does not use the normal vacuum-powered booster found on most vehicles, but rather an electrically powered high pressure hydraulic pump with an accumulator which stores enough energy for 20-30 brake applications. These are common (and expensive) failure items. See Repair Operation Details (or: What the shop manual doesn't tell you) for diagnostic procedures.
The most common failure item is the $850 booster pump. I had to have
mine replaced at about 110,000 miles. Kirk
Fisher reports that in his case failure was due to the brushes
wearing
out, and it should be possible to keep the Rover going by replacing
only
the brushes. He is looking into this possibility, so stay tuned!
Alarm and Lockout Problems
If the battery is disconnected or dies (whether due to old age or
leaving
the lights on), the situation on a Range Rover 4.0/4.6 is more
complicated
than for more simple old fashioned vehicles. The problem is the
all-pervasive
alarm system, which is inclined to lock the doors if it senses a loss
of power. When the battery is nearly dead, it can lock the doors,
especially
annoying if you have left the key in the car. When replacing the
battery,
leave one of the doors open to prevent being locked out and/or arming
the alarm. For more details, see the Battery
Replacement and Upgrade Page. Afterwards, you need to
put
the key in the ignition to reset the alarm system and ignition
transponder.
You also need to key in the radio code to get it working again, and
resynch
the windows and sunroof. This procedure is described in the owners
handbook.
Avoiding the Need for Resetting
Codes
Marlon Patton recently
changed his battery and to avoid having to reset the codes he kept his
electrics working by jumpering the terminal clamps with another old
battery during the changeover. It worked -- he didn't have to reset the
codes or even worse take it to the dealer and be charged $200 for a
battery change. Kevin Kelly
recently used a similar technique to upgrade his battery to an Optima
type; illustrated details of this technique and battery changing in
general appear on the Battery
Replacement and Upgrade page.
Virtually all non-engine functions on the new Range Rover, from the windows to the suspension, are either controlled or monitored by a computer known as the Body Electrical Control Module ("BeCM"). Its tentacles are omnipresent. This electronic "brain" is also the one that supplies most of the 150 possible messages to the vehicle's Message Center alerting the driver to all manner of vehicle functions and malfunctions. When all that wizardry is working according to plan, everything is bliss. However this expensive (about $1200) little microprocessor is one of the few ECUs in modern vehicles that seems to have a reputation for failing. To be fair, at least some of the "failures" have been due to the operator not understanding the complex BeCM functions, and there has actually been nothing wrong. This is known to be the case where BeCMs have been replaced for supposedly malfunctioning reverse mirror dipping. Also, it should be said that most BeCM failures do not disable the vehicle, but result in minor annoyances such as lights turning on etc.
Nonetheless, the BeCM has not acquired its Lucas-like reputation for nothing. I personally am aware of one vehicle that was disabled for weeks at a dealer while the BeCM was swapped and other steps were tried to figure out its problem, apparently something to do with the alarm system deciding to prevent the engine from starting. If this sort of prospect is alarming to you, make sure you buy that extended warranty plan!!
Cooling SystemWeak Points: The cooling system hoses and thermostat seem to have been a weak point on early Range Rover 4.0/4.6 models. Leaks from the cooling system were common, and a recall program was instituted to cure them. Culprits included the radiator top hose and the thermostat housing. I have heard of head gasket coolant leaks even on 2000 models. In my own case, there was a very slight leak from the thermostat housing (which was replaced as part of the recall work).
Preventive Maintenance: Range Rovers have aluminum engines, so special attention to the cooling system is called for in order to avoid unpleasant meltdowns in the case of severe overheating. Since I use my Range Rover for desert off road expeditions (sometimes in very hot weather) and for pulling a 3,500 lb travel trailer on hot summer vacations, I try to keep the cooling system in brand new condition. Recently, nearing 100,000 miles on the odometer, I noticed my temp gauge climbing a little under 100 degree conditions (off-road climbing in low range or on-road during long uphill trailer towing). I asked the dealer to check the radiator and the viscous fan clutch. The flow was indeed slow through the radiator and the fan clutch was weak, so both were replaced as a precaution. These things might not even be noticed under normal circumstances, but early replacement of such items keeps the Range Rover able to master extreme conditions without even breathing heavily.
Heater Core O-Rings: The heater core on the 4.0/4.6 is an improvement over the Classic, and does not usually fail catastrophically. However, leaks of coolant into the right hand footwell commonly occur after a few years and are usually caused by failure of the O-ring seals that connect the heater core to the engine cooling system. Mine started leaking around 130,000 miles, noticeable as a slow loss of coolant that had no obvious source in the engine compartment. Accessing the O-rings is tricky, involving a lot of labor to remove and replace large sections of the dash. In my case the dealer charge for replacement was about $400 (the O-rings them selves cost only about $10) but see the Repair Operation Details section for shortcut methods to fix this problem.
Rubber Hoses: All the hoses on earlier 4.0/4.6 models were replaced by Land Rover as part of cooling system recall programs. However, in Range Rovers as in any vehicle, they should be replaced about every 3 years as preventive maintenance. Don't forget the heater hoses and the small diameter hoses which go to the filler reservoir (see "Radiator Overflow Hose" below) and to the air intake manifold to maintain the incoming air mixture at the right temperature. These leak too if neglected. A great bargain that includes the thermostat and just about every hose is available from the dealer for about $80 as a special recall parts kit.
Radiator Overflow Hose: Kevin Kelly reports that he had a slow leak from the hose that went from the top of the radiator from the overflow tank. The guys at the dealer parts counter told him that this hose fails often just as his did where the rubber end connects to the plastic hose at the end nearest the radiator. Land Rover has redesigned this hose four times since 1995. The current part number PCH117140 is to be used in place of ESR2929, ESR2568, and PCH115630. This photo shows the new and improved hose next to his old leaking hose.
Serpentine Belt: This drives, among other things, the viscous coupled fan, and is therefore a vital component in the cooling system. It should be replaced as soon as any sign of aging/surface cracking or any slight squeal is heard. The water pump and fan are driven by the smooth back side of the belt, which can easily slip. Replacement is very easy; for details, see the Serpentine Belt Replacement section of the Repair Operation Details page.
Radiator Plugged Up: If you go off-road
a lot, especially in the desert,
it is worth periodically cleaning out the debris accumulated in the
radiator
cooling fins. Driving on roads with tall vegetation between the wheel
tracks
deposits lots of seeds in the radiator and air conditioning condenser,
and in the space between them. This has a significant effect on cooling
efficiency. To remove the debris, it is best to unclip the plastic cowl
from around the cooling fan and remove the metal cover that supports
the
bonnet latch -- then you can see down between the A/C condenser and the
radiator. Releasing the lower radiator mounts (two bolts) allows you to
lift the radiator up and push it backwards a bit (without disconnecting
any hoses) so you can get an air or water hose into the gap between it
and the A/C, transmission and oil coolers. Ron Beckett advises that
the air hose solution is best, since some seeds expand when you wet
them with water, causing them to get even more jammed in!
Radiator Leaks: The radiator will eventually leak, most likely around the joints between the core and the sides. New original equipment radiators are much less expensive than on the Classic, and well worth the money. I once tried having a local radiator shop replace the core on my Classic, (about half the cost of a new radiator), but the repair only lasted a year.
Radiator Flow: Over the years any radiator gradually becomes plugged with internal deposits. Mine lasted about 95,000 miles before a test showed reduced flow and replacement was in order as a preventive measure.
Thermostat: The 4.0/4.6 has a new, improved and more expensive thermostat with its own housing, mounted behind the radiator. Thermostats can fail open, closed, partially open, or intermittently. Failing closed will lead to overheating, and on EFI systems (especially OBDII ... '96 and newer) can lead to rough running due to overfueling.You can tell if the thermostat is opening by feeling the top radiator hose when the engine has warmed up from cold; it should be warm, indicating coolant is flowing freely through the system. On startup, if the top hose starts off mildly warm and only heats up slowly, it may be a clue to a stuck open thermostat. Normal operation is to start cold, stay cold, then rapidly heat following thermostat opening.
Water Pump: My water pump started to make a whining noise from its bearing at 36,000 miles and had to be replaced to effect a cure. Rebuilt ones are available through the Land Rover Dealer network for about the price of a new one for the Classic.
Viscous Fan Clutch: This clever device acts to drive the fan only when the engine is hot. It is far more effective than electric fans that turn on when the engine is hot (although the Range Rover has these too as an extra measure of safety and to ensure air flow when idling). An engine-driven fan develops several horsepower, pulling far more air though the radiator than any electric fan. As a vital link in the cooling system, the viscous fan clutch should be checked periodically. Mine was found to be a bit weak at about 100,000 miles, so was replaced as a preventive measure.
Cubby Box ShockThe damper strut on the cubby box lid is prone to failure. Kevin
Kelly
recently replaced his, and reports that the part number is BTR6776,
costing
$30.21 at the dealer. The bottom of the shock is riveted on to the
cubby
box so has to be drilled out. Kevin decided to use a nut and bolt with
a couple washers when he put it
back on rather than a pop rivet (see
photo).
Ron Beckett had a
strange noise from the rear differential at about
80,000 miles. It turned out to be due to two missing teeth on the crown
wheel. Ron reports: "The noise first occurred some months ago. I
was driving on road and I heard the chuff-chuff noise faintly in the
background (windows closed). I thought I'd picked up something in a
tyre. I pulled all the wheels off and found nowt. I tried driving with
first the rear left window open, then the front left a window open, the
right rear window open, and lastly the driver's window open - always
listening for a reflection of the noise back from freeway walls etc. I
couldn't locate the noise. I even bought another wheel and tyre (cheap)
and put that on each corner in turn. No difference. The noise persisted
and was at wheel speed - not propshaft speed. Perhaps I became used to
the noise even though it was there still in the background, and I paid
less heed. However, lately it become much much worse and obviously
there was a problem. A previous oil change and showed the diff oil to
be black, this time the oil was bright silver. It was clearly audible
with the windows closed and was now audible when reflected back off the
walls. It wasn't a tyre noise or something in the tyre. In fact, my
mechanics thought I was being overly sensitive." When the diff was
taken apart the two missing teeth were found, so Ron had the whole unit
rebuilt.
As on the Classic Range Rover, the electric door locks on the new
model
are not immune from failure, although it happens less often than it did
on my previous Range Rover. (It is nice to be able to go on a desert
trip
for more than one day without one or more of the electric locks failing
due to dust in the manual lifters, as they did on my Classic). When
they
do cease working, it can have annoying consequences for the alarm
system
so it is best to fix the problem immediately. Mine turned out to need a
new actuator (don't even ask about the price).
Jim Harringer had
a problem where both front doors on his 97 4.0SE failed to lock
on command from the remote. Other doors locked, and the alarm
activated, but the front doors remained unlocked. "This lead to many
embarassing incidents where my wife walked up to the truck at the
grocery story and opened the door before i got the alarm disabled:
HONK! HONK! HONK!,,etc." Jim's local dealer said both front door
latches needed replacing: $550 per door, parts and labor. Jim bought an
bought an ETM (ELectrical Troubleshooting Manual), and spent a Saturday
staring at the inside of his driver's door. Sure enough, it seemed like
the little motor in there was bad, so he ordered two latches for $219
each/ They had different connectors, but worked!
Although the 4.0/4.6 has much less slop in the drivetrain than the Classic, it is not immune from problems. Mine has a noticeable clonk that emanates from the rear axle when shifting from forward to reverse and vice versa, and one reader recently had the same problem in a brand new 2000 model. At least in my case the sound was caused by a loose fitting rear axle splines -- they came that way from the factory. The real solution is replacement with new axles; a less expensive one is taking out the axles, inserting some appropriate "goo" (Loctite) in the splines, and reassembling them.
This is really just another Land Rover quality control problem. If it happens to you, insist on getting it fixed under warranty. In my case, the mechanics were unable to even notice the sound; you may need to take them for a test drive to make sure they "get it".
Fluid LeaksThe 4.0/4.6 is just as good a "leaker" as the Classic, although it lacks the most intractable leaks like the steering box. Even some of my under-vehicle inspections of brand new vehicles at the dealer's have revealed a pool of oil on the ground, indicating that British manufacturers have not lost their touch. If your RR doesn't leak it is probably empty! (Just kidding). Here are some of the known leak points:
Cooling System: The cooling system was subject to a recall campaign which comprehensively replaced a myriad of hoses under the hood. Mine leaked at the thermostat housing, which was replaced as part of the recall. A few owners reported rapid and serious coolant leaks before this fix was announced. Even year 2000 models have been known to have coolant leaks through the head gasket. Unlike the Classic there is no special sensor in the auxiliary coolant tank for low coolant level, so if the gauge starts to rise, investigate the cause. If coolant leaks into the vehicle's interior, check out the heater core O-rings -- see this link.
Oil Pan: Like most British cars, the design is intended to drip some of the engine oil on the ground so you know it is not yet empty, and to help replenish the Earth's future oil reserves. I have had to replace the oil pan seal annually.
Oil Pressure Switch: Up to late 1997 models this switch, which senses low oil pressure, was subject to leaks around its O-ring seal. It was subsequently replaced with a revised version with a better seal.
Axle seals: I have had to have one of these replaced on mine.
Front and Rear Pinion Seals: These seem to have replaced the steering box on the Classic as the most notorious oil leakers. Both front and rear pinion seals have leaked and had to be replaced on my 4.0, and I have heard of others with the same problem.
Fuse Box Corrosion or BurnoutOne of the fuse boxes is situated in the engine compartment just behind the battery. Faults have been known to develop here, probably due to corrosive vapors from the battery making their way into the fusebox. Keep your battery terminals clean and the battery maintained to avoid this problem. Chris Schaeffer, an ex-dealer mechanic, reports that the most frequent immediate cause of burnt out terminals on the fuse box is clogged pollen filters imposing additional load on the climate control system blowers -- changing the pollen filters (see the Pollen Filter Replacement page for details) more frequently than the recommended 30,000 miles may prevent this, especially in dusty areas. Ron Beckett suggests that some of the corrosion problems might be caused by coolant spillage when filling the header tank - or overflow from the header tank upon removing the cap when the system overheats. Ron has accidentally spilled water into the fuse box this way; the evaporated coolant leaves a residue.
If the unit does fail, you can replace it but the part is fairly expensive (A$380). However Ron Beckett provides an illustrated procedure for repairing the old one on our Fuse Box Repair page.
Gas Filler Lid SwitchThe switch on the dash that opens the gas cap lid has been know to
fail
-- even causing vehicles to be towed into the dealer through inability
to gas up. If this happens to you, remove the right hand side panel in
the load space so you can reach in and operate the latch from the
inside by hand. If you are concerned about this problem occuring, you
can
take preventive measures by a) getting an updated switch installed and
b) attaching a string or wire to the inside of the latch in advance,
leading
it out through the access door at the rear of the load space side
panel.
so that a pull on the cord can operate the latch.
A stiff gearshift (usually showing up first in shifting from D down to 3, 2 and 1 -- with D, N, R and P still OK) can be caused by the selector cable binding. Removing the cable is about an hour's job, involving removing the center console so you can get at the top end of it. Getting at the bottom end is easy -- one of the benefits of air suspension is you can lift the car for relatively easy access to anything underneath! (But, remember to leave the tailgate open to prevent the suspension from adjusting itself while you are underneath!) The job is described in the shop manual, so study this up before starting. Unfortunately, reports Barry Higginbottom (who kindly contributed this information), the cable is not available as a separate part from the dealer -- you have to buy the whole asembly (FTC4478) including the gear shifter itself, about US$400 worth. So, Barry spent a couple of hours to draw the cable from the outer sheath, clean it up, get rid of the kinks and give it a good lube with silicon spray. He did not use grease on the cable as it appears to be sheathed in PTFE. Care is needed not to lose the 'E' clips holding the cable together. Initial results were encouraging!
Both Land Rover mechanics and owners of new 4.0/4.6 Range Rovers
have reported leaking head gaskets to be a common problem. Even the
later model years were susceptible to this problem -- I met an owner of
a new (at that time) 2001 4.6 who had the same problem. The
gasket usually leaks coolant at the rear end of the head, where a
cooling channel comes up from the block between the rearmost cylinder
and the rear edge of the block.
The official repair is to replace the offending gasket,
unfortunately an expensive job (at least $2,000 at the dealer, who will
do both gaskets while the engine is apart). On the positive side, I
have not
heard reports of the problem recurring after being fixed, so
perhaps it was a factory defect due to poor quality control.
If you catch
the problem fairly early it may (at your own risk!!) be worth having a
shot at curing it
using one of the newer proprietary block sealer compounds based on
sodium silicate ("water glass") that you pour into the cooling system.
The theory is that the compound gets forced into the crack and any air
that gets past it dries it out and turns it into a glass-like ceramic,
slowly building up layers of glass to seal the crack. Whether this will
work if only the coolant to atmosphere seal is broken I don't know. I
have read at this link
that MOPAR antifreeze contains a small amount of sodium silicate to
seal small cracks as they develop. The better brands of sealer have a
certain amount of metal (usually copper) added to strengthen the
resulting ceramic seal and improve heat conduction to avoid hot spots.
Otherwise, the glass might simply melt under hard driving conditions.
Usually you have to completely drain and flush the cooling system
before and after adding these sealers -- if not the sodium silicate
apparently reacts with the glycol in the coolant and gums up the
cooling passages completely. Another down side is that these compounds
tend to clog up heater cores, so if you try this it might be worth
temporarily replumbing the heater hoses to bypass the heater core while
the goo is in the engine.
There are plenty of other sealants that seem to do a reasonable job
at least temporarily. I used Bar's Leaks on mine when a very slight
coolant loss started from the rear of the left cylinder head, and it
has been holding for at least 5,000 miles. I heard from one owner who
tried Car-Go Metallic Seal Up http://www.cargochemical.com/metallic
sealup.htm or http://www.cargochemical.com/sealupwork.htm
in his 4.6 when it started using a lot of water due to a suspected
shifted cylinder liner. After 3,000 miles it was still sealing.
If you have had success with these or any other solutions that avoid an actual head gasket job, please email me and let me know of your experience!
Those heated seats on the Range Rover are really appreciated in cold
weather -- but unfortunately they stop working all too often on the
4.0/4.6. There are separate heating elements in the seat base and back,
and the culprit is usually the one in the base being burnt out. The
element is an integral part of the seat cushion and a little tedious to
remove and replace.
Coolant fluid appearing on the floor in the footwells can indicate a blown heater core. If it is only in the right hand footwell, it can indicate leakage of coolant from the O-rings that seal the heater inlet and outlet pipes. For details on how to fix this problem by accessing the o-rings through the glove box area (without taking the whole dash apart as suggested in the official manual), see the heater core o-ring replacement section on the Repair Details section. For right hand drive models (UK, Australia, New Zealand, Japan), the officially prescribed procedure is even more horrendous, involving about 12 hours of labour including removal of the steering column. For instructions on the shortcut procedure on these models, see the heater core O-ring replacement page.
Idle Air Control Valve (Stepper Motor)This item does not cause as much trouble on the 4.0/4.6 engine as it
does on the Classics, but can still play up and cause surging or other
idle problems when it gets gunked up with sludge oil from the crank
case vent. Malfunction symptoms that have been reported include
stalling and near stalling especially when coming to a stop. Also
hesitation before accelerating ewhen operating the kickdown.
Cleaning the unit can often restore proper operation. David's method
is to hose the pintle and seat down with some throttle body cleaner
(aerosol)
and wipe off the coking.
Faulty ignition wires are commonly encountered on the later models
with the Bosch engine control system (1999-2002), leading to engine
misfire. This is a case where aftermarket leads may actually be an
improvement!
My inlet manifold gasket has been replaced numerous times due to air
leaks, which can cause stalling or stumpling especially at idle.
The buttons on the remote/ignition key get
worn out quickly, but can easily be replaced by just prying off and
replacing the triangular plastic button insert on top of the key. This
is available as a separate part.
When the battery in the remote runs low, you
will get a message on the dash warning you of "LOW KEY BATTERY". Pay
heed to it because you won't be able to start the car if the key
battery is dead. Unscrew the back off the
remote using a coin, and replace the batteries. It takes two bog
standard CR 2025 batteries, available at any drug store, pharmacy or
camera shop. You will then need to resynchronize the key -- just stick
it in the lock and lock/unlock the door, then press the remote
controls.
Note
that the remote key transmits a unique code to the engine ECU when you
turn on the ignition before the engine will start, so buying cheap
key/remotes on eBay is unlikely to be successful.
Lucas Electrical Gremlins
The 4.0/4.6 is not immune from the Lucas disease although quality
control
has gradually improved over the years. One interesting incident I
experienced
was the appearance of the "gearbox fault" message every time I went
round
a sharp right hand curve. The problem eventually proved to be a loose
connector
in a part of the harness that connects to the electronically controlled
transmission. Another incident occured when crosstalk suddenly
developed
between the switches on the steering column and those on the stereo.
This
turned out to be due to some previous owner managing to get cola into
the
controller, so cannot fairly be blamed on Lucas. The main well known
electrical
bug is the BeCM, although I am told that most
failures
of this item do not disable the vehicle completely.
Ignition Leads
Misfiring, with the accompanying rough running, power loss and even
stalling, is much less common in the 4.0/4.6 than in the Classic.
When it does occur, the prime suspects would be the ignition
leads as on any vehicle. Peter
Vorwerk of Switzerland had these symptoms on his 1996 4.6SE. After
inspecting all the air-intake system and the throttle-position sensor
he checked also the camshaft-sensor but didn't find anything strange.
Noticing a "clickering" sound, he switched off the light in his garage
and could see sparks flying around ignition-lead #2. The solution was a
simple replacement with a new lead set.
Note: For some reason,
1999-2002 models with the Bosch ignition system are particularly prone
to ignition lead failures.
.
Crankshaft Position Sensor or Ignition
Coil
If the ignition leads check out, other causes can be the
crankshaft position sensor or failure of one of the 4 coils in the coil
pack. Details of the latter problem appear on the Ignition Coil Diagnosis and Replacement
page.
A common problem is a rattle coming from the heat shield on the
center muffler. Later replacement mufflers have more secure heat
shields, but instead of buying a new one you can stop the rattle simply
with a makeshift clamp around the entire muffler and heat shield. More
detail is given in the Catalytic
Converter and Muffler Repair Page.
It is not uncommon for half the display to appear to stop working on the dash where the mileage and other information is displayed. Usually, you can still see the numbers, but just barely. This problem is caused by one of the bulbs going out which light the display from behind. For repair procedure, see the LCD Display Backlighting Repair Page.
Poly V Belt Idler PulleyThe idler pulley on the engine's serpentine belt system was subject to a recall campaign due to a possibility of causing breakage of the belt. Make sure your recall has been done if applicable. If your belt tensioner missed the recall or wears out again, replacement belt tensioner assemblies are available for about $70 at Import Parts Bin.
Power UpgradeMany people complain that Range Rovers are underpowered. A company
called
Superchips
Inc produces performance upgrade chips for vehicles previously
considered
"unchippable". They have an enhanced chipset for the Range Rover
4.0SE
which requires 2 chips instead of one (due to the 4 coil ignition
system)
and boosts output by 19 bhp and 30 ft-lb of torque. RPI
Engineering, the Rover V8 specialists, have many upgrade options
and
are working on an upgrade kit that will work out cheaper than a new
short
engine for those already owning 4.0's wishing to upgrade to a 4.6. It
is
estimated that the cost of the kit will be £650.00, including a
new
crank, bearings, pistons, rings & con rods etc.
Radio Malfunction / Display
Backlight Failure
Range Rover sound systems are supposedly designed to withstand the rigors of off-road use but I personally have found they need replacing or repairing at regular intervals. For example, the LCD panel on the radio goes dim on one side if one of the bulbs illuminating it from behind fails. The procedure for replacing the backlight bulbs is detailed on the Radio Display Backlight Bulb Replacement page, but is a slightly tricky operation (sometimes resulting in further damage from the soldering iron such as burnt LCD microchips and connections). This and other radio problems can of course be fixed by paying the $1500 requested by the dealer for a new radio, but I recently discovered that John Monaghan of Roverville Radio Repair & Exchange provides top quality radio work with all genuine factory parts at a fraction of Land Rover's prices and down time. John specializes in the Clarion Diversity units (AMR 2672) used on all 4.0/4.6 models from 1994 through 1999.5, and the RTC7788 model used on Defenders. He also buys these units in any condition and sells fully reconditioned units for $425 (a far cry from the $1500 Land Rover price). He actually repairs these units for many Land Rover dealers who do not want to wait several months for the official Clarion repairs -- John's usual turnaround time is a splendid 24 hours from the time of receipt. John has kindly agreed to help sponsor this website, so if you use his services please mention you were referred by Rangerovers.net.
The Range Rover 4.0/4.6 has been subject to many recall campaigns.
See
above under Cooling System. More recently, mine was recalled for new
cats
and O2 sensors -- great!! These would have been expensive to buy! For
specific
information, see the following links:
http://www.recalls.gov.au
(Australian
Government recall campaign listings)
Vehicle
On-Line Recall Database (Transport Canada)
Recall
Listing for Range Rovers (UK Recalls)
http://www.safetyalerts.com/rcls/category/autosub/j-l.htm#landr
(US Land Rover recall listings)
Seat Belt Warning Buzzer, Annoying!!
The seat belt warning buzzer on the 4.0/4.6 models is excessively loud, intrusive and irritating. Kevin Kelly shares his procedure for disabling this irritating noise on our Seat Belt Warning Disabling page.
Sensor FailuresAll Range Rovers are equipped with a formidable range of electrical sensors, monitoring every function of the engine and body. Some provide early warning of potential problems before there is any danger of major engine or other component damage. In my experience, if a warning signal appears in the vehicle's message center it is more likely to be caused by failure of the corresponding sensor than of the system it is designed to monitor; however it is always advisable to check out the actual cause as soon as possible just in case. Eric Fournier found that sensors such as the fuel pressure sensor (in the fuel pump assembley) that caused stalling on the 4.0 engine in his late model Disco can often be disconnected to get you home. This applies to all modern EFI engines -- the ECU usually has a limp home mode that will use whatever other sensors are still working. He reports that the Throttle Position Sensor, Mass Air Flow Sensor and Crank Position sensor are absolutely necessary to the running of the engine. All other sensors can be disconnected and the engine will still run albeit with default values (which means the engine won't necessarily run as intended in all environmental conditions). These not so crucially needed sensors include cam position, fuel temp, air temp, coolant temp, knock and O2. Eric now has a spare fuel pump to bring along since that pressure sensor is part of the fuel pump assembly ($400 - ouch!).
Front Suspension Height Sensors
Sensors are employed in the electronic air suspension system to monitor
ride height. The front ride height sensors have been known to fail,
especially
due to water exposure and retention, resulting in a trip home on the
bump
stops. A replacement sensor of a new design can be fitted.
Oil Pressure Switch: Up to late 1997 models this switch, which senses low oil pressure, was subject to leaks around its O-ring seal. It was subsequently replaced with a revised version with a better seal.
ABS Wheel Speed Sensors: On one off
road trip I lost most of the available stopping power on muddy surfaces
through overcompensation of the ABS system. On another, I got traction
control fault messages. The problem turned out to be a misaligned right
rear wheel speed sensor. It seems that the sensors can pop out of
position;
when installing them it is important to push them all the way in.
Interestingly, the workshop manual says the ABS sensor bush must be
replaced if the sensor is removed. This could be to prevent subsequent
movement of the sensor. In any case, a
periodic
visual inspection might identify this problem before it causes a
hazard.
Bonnet Open Sensor: I found the failure of this sensor annoying on an off road trip when the "bonnet open" message (accompanied by the inevitable irritating loud beep from the message center) kept appearing whenever I drove over rough roads. Fortunately its replacement is not difficult.
Crank Position Sensor: The operation of the ignition and EFI systems is synchronized by two sensors that monitor the crankshaft and camshaft positions. Failure of one of these could cause the engine to cease running entirely, and the crankshaft sensor in particular is known as a cause of misfires. Barry Higginbottom had a misfire problem on his 4.0SE when cold that went away when the engine was warm. It was eventually solved by an experienced and enthusiastic LR dealer technician who knew exactly what the problem was and without the aid of the TestBook! It took all of 10 minutes and about GBP20.00 for the parts.
Sound SystemCD Changer: The 6 disk CD changer is supposed to be shock
mounted
to withstand off road use, but mine has had to be repaired 3 times for
about $150 per time. Typical symptoms include skipping while playing,
and
jamming so the CDs cannot be changed or removed.
Radio Malfunction: See Radio section above.
Subwoofer Thump: Some owners have experienced a thump heard
through
subwoofer assembly. There is a connector in the left side kick panel
that
gets corrosion in it and causes this thump noise. The fix is to put new
connector pins in, run a new wire to the subwoofer from the audio head
unit, or put jumper wires across the connector.
Several owners have reported stalling either when coming to a stop
or in cold temperatures. Things to check if you have these symptoms
include:
Ignition Coils: Check to see if
a whitish or blackish substance is exuding from them. For more details
see the ignition coil diagonosis
and replacement page.
Throttle Position Sensor:
Inspect to see if seals are rotten or if it is full of oil.
Intake Air Leaks: Intake
manifoldleaks or perished rocker cover breather hoses
Air Bypass Valve/Stepper Motor (see
Idle Air Bypass Valve section above)
Crankshaft Position Sensor (See
Misfiring section above)
The 4.0/4.6 is no more subject to starting problems than any other vehicle, but a few things are handy to know just in case. Current is supplied to the starter solenoid by Relay 16 in the engine compartment fuse box. The relay is supplied by a 30 amp fuse (MF2) in the same fuse box, and is activated by a ground signal from the ignition switch via the BeCM. The fusebox lid gives a key to the relays -- look for one with a starter motor symbol on it. If you cannot hear the relay click when the ignition key is turned to "start", or you suspect it is bad, you can pull it out and jumper pins 30 and 87 to get started.
The fuel pump and injection system is supplied by Relay 12, fed by a
10 amp fuse (F39). These components are also in the engine compartment
fuse box and are worth checking if the fuel system is suspected.
Richard Talley traced
the starting and charging problems on his 96 Range Rover to a highly
corroded, oil-soaked cable running from the battery (positive terminal)
to the starter. This caused sufficient voltage drop to affect both
starting and charging. Most likely, the connection between the crimped
lugs and the cable eventually failed.
The 4.0/4.6 has a much better steering box and system than the Classic. However it is of the same basic design, and some owners have reported the steering judders upon going over bumps that are so notorious and common in Classic models. If you have checked out all the ball joints and tie rod ends, the most likely cause is the steering box needing adjustment. Like the Classic, the 4.0/4.6 steering box has an adjuster on top -- this one has a screw with an internal hex and locknut. Jack up the front wheels and screw in the adjuster until there is minimal play in the steering at dead center. Then turn the wheels lock to lock to make sure there are no tight spots.
Tachometer FailureThe 4.0/4.6 model shares with the Classic the characteristic of deriving its tachometer signal from the alternator. If the tach needle suddenly starts dipping to zero, your alternator is probably dead. Matt Armstrong experienced this behavior with his 97RR (followed by Traction Control Failures and Gearbox Failure warnings). After replacing the alternator all irregular behavior disappeared.
The Transfer Case ECU is a known failure item and its malfunction can cause the transfer case to lock in low or high range. Fortunately the replacement is not too expensive (compared to most ECUs).
Transmission ServiceThe 4.0/4.6 continues the brilliant design tradition of the Classic
in the transmission service department. That is, you still have to
remove
a chassis crossmember to get the pan off the transmission in order to
change the filter! Paul Bryant
reports on doing the procedure on his 98 RR, using a bottle jack
purchased
from a wrecker to spread the chassis rails. (He elected to use a
mechanical
jack as most hydraulic Jacks won't work if they are lying on their
side).
He was so successful, he came close to a head injury when the
cross-member
fell out from between the chassis rail! For more details on this
routine procedure, see the Transmission
Service section of the Classic RR Remedies Page.
Callan Campbell
contributes the following shortcut to the procedure which avoids the
effort of removing the chassis crossmember. "Instead, remove the single
15mm headed bolt at the rear of
the pan area, the one that's located/bolted to on a u-shaped
bracket
which sits on the top side of the crossmember. Once you
remove this
single bolt [which gives you wiggle room on that bracket it's bolted
to], you'll have enough room to remove the six 10mm headed bolts and
push blocks that retain the oil pan to the transmission, and then lower
the pan down and out to the front of the vehicle, neatly leaving the
crossmember alone. The only reason I tend
to lower the crossmember or remove it is if I'm removing the
transmission to replace the rear engine seals or to work on the cat.
converter."
See "Gear Shifting Stiff" above.
Sticky valves are a more common occurrence in the 4.0/4.6 engine
than they should be. The problem seems to be faulty clearance
tolerances
in the valve guides or carbon buildup at the bottom of the valve stem.
To reduce the incidence of the latter problem, Land Rover recently
introduced a new valve design with a "step" in the bottom of the stem
designed to make it harder for the carbon buildup to climb up the stem
over time.
Although the 4.0/4.6 engine is renown for being exceptionally
smooth, there were engine vibrations reported on some early build
models. With the vehicle stationary, if a vibration is felt around
3500-4500 RPM, the engine may need to be rebalanced.
If you have fluid in the footwell, check to see if it is coolant or
just water. If coolant, see the section on Heater
Core O-Rings.
If only water (almost certain if it is only in the
left
footwell), the most likely cause is a dislodged, blocked or leaking
drain
pipe from the air conditioning
evaporator. Normally this drains
through
the floor and drips onto the ground. If the drain is still in
place
you might try cleaning out the tube with a piece of wire. When this
leak
happened to me on my Classic, it turned out that the rubber drain pipe
had been dislodged, and poking it back through the firewall fixed the
problem.
Ron
Beckett had it on the passenger side of his (right hand drive) HSE.
The 4.0/4.6 actually has two drains, one on either side of the
transmission,
and they drain through the floor rather than the firewall as on the
Classic.
The fix was to get underneath and squeeze the end caps on the drain
tubes
to release the muck and water. The picture at right is taken from
underneath the car at the rear of the transmission, and shows the right
hand (unblocked) airconditioning drain on Ron's 4.6.
Another possible cause is a badly sealed pollen filter. If the seal on
the pollen filter cap is slightly off track, water can enter in fairly
large quantities when it rains. For details on pollen filter
installation, see the pollen
filter page in the maintenance
section.
Windshield Leaks
British cars are equipped with leaks for two purposes -- to let oil out and to let water in. An example of the latter on my 4.0 was a windshield leak. An early attempt to repair it with "goo" had not worked and the only solution was to fork over $800 for a new windshield. The reason they are so expensive is the fine heating wires embedded throughout.
After a few years, the windshield washer system slows down in
its functioning and develops leaks. The usual source of leaks is
at the underside of the plastic washer jets themselves, which protrude
through the hood where they are exposed to the heat of the engine,
eventually
making them brittle. Another source of problems is the non-return valve
in the windshield washer hose about half way between the washer fluid
reservoir
and the jets. When this little plastic valve fails (again probably due
to heat exposure), the washers might still work but have to be
activated
for 5 or 10 seconds before anything comes out the jets. If no water
appears
at all, the problem may be the pump itself. Fixing the system is very
simple
and inexpensive; detailed procedures for diagnosis and repair appear on
our Windshield Washer Repair
page.
Due to the considerable expense of proper maintenance and repairs for the newer model Range Rovers, and your dependence on the dealer for many electronic-related problems, extended warranties can be very attractive. Click here to find out more about the pros and cons of aftermarket warranties for Range Rovers.
Parts SourcesUntil recently the local dealer was the best bet for parts for the
4.0/4.6
models -- this is still the case for the more obscure parts. If you
patronise yours frequently, they may give you a
discount.
However, most aftermarket parts sources now
have a good selection of parts for this model, as the situation has
improved a lot in the last
couple
of years. For a lot more parts information please see the Range
Rover Parts Sources section of this website. Other sources of parts
information:
4.0/4.6 Aftermarket and Generic Parts Sources
page on this website
Atlantic
British stocks a wide range of 4.0/4.6 parts, genuine and
aftermarket, and now has a Range
Rover 4.0/4.6 catalogue.
Import
Parts Bin -- (AKA Speedycarparts.com) (Select "Rover Parts")
Guaranteed lowest prices, free shipping -- for specific suggestions see
the RR
Parts page.
Car Cannibal
-- Specialize
exclusively in used and rebuilt Rover Parts. All parts fully
warrantied.
Disco-Tech
Industries:
Engines plus Genuine, OEM & Aftermarket Parts. US buyers can
take advantage of Canadian pricing.
AutoPartsGIANT.com
-- Relatively few RR parts but the ones they have are at unbeatable
prices.
For specific finds see the RR Parts page.
Partsamerica.com
-- Internet outlet for Kragen, Checkers, Schucks, Advance Auto Parts
(common
service items, filters etc)
ExpressAutoparts.com (Select
year & make: "Land Rover") Has great prices on a few parts
Quadratec
(Guaranteed lowest prices on winch and recovery items)
The Rover
Connection in Salt Lake City, Utah, has very good prices on all
genuine parts and accessories for
the 4.0/4.6 models.
Rovers North can get any
genuine
part including ones only used in the UK (eg the full selection of alloy
wheel options).
Europarts has a good
selection
of parts.
Range Rover Aftermarket and Generic Parts
Sources
Repair Operations How To:Beyond
the Shop Manual
Upgrades (Mechanical & Electrical)
Maintenance Operation Details
www.dollar.com for an inexpensive rental car while your Range Rover is in
the shop!
Alldata repair info, Rover tech
bulletins
etc
Autologic Diagnostics
"Testbook"-
like interface for 4.0/4.6 diagnostics
BeCM
Problems/Symptoms/Rebuilding
(Car Electronic Services)
Cooling
System: Avoiding Problems (Rovers North Tech Tip)
Climate
Control Troubleshooting (by David Sparkes)
ECU/Airflow
Meter Symptoms (Range Rover Register)
EFI Problems,
Diagnostics and ECU rebuilding (Car Electronic Services)
Emergency
Procedures (Some info from ETS Manual, from LR Club of Luxembourg)
MAD Mechanic
(Motor And Diagnosis) a lot of useful diagnostic info for modern
vehicles.
Pollen
Filter Replacement on 4.0/4.6 (British Pacific Tech Tip)
RPI Engineering (Performance
upgrades
for the Rover V8)
Recall
Listing for Range Rovers
Shop Manual for Range Rover
4.0/4.6 Lowest cost I have seen, from Amazon.
Service
Bulletins
for Range Rover 4.0/4.6 (Topic listing by Alldata; contents
available
by subscription)
Superchips Inc
(Performance Upgrade Chips for 4.0SE)
Extended Warranties for Range Rovers
(Pros and cons, and a great deal from a sponsor)
Last updated April 2004